xxd

Create a hexadecimal representation (hexdump) from a binary file, or vice-versa. More information: https://manned.org/xxd.

• Generate a hexdump from a binary file and display the output:

xxd input_file

• Generate a hexdump from a binary file and save it as a text file:

xxd input_file output_file

• Display a more compact output, replacing consecutive zeros (if any) with a star:

xxd -a input_file

• Display the output with 10 columns of one octet (byte) each:

xxd -c 10 input_file

• Display output only up to a length of 32 bytes:

xxd -l 32 input_file

• Display the output in plain mode, without any gaps between the columns:

xxd -p input_file

• Revert a plaintext hexdump back into binary, and save it as a binary file:

xxd -r -p input_file output_file