fuser

Display process IDs currently using files or sockets. More information: https://manned.org/fuser.

• Find which processes are accessing a file or directory:

fuser path/to/file_or_directory

• Show more fields (USER, PID, ACCESS and COMMAND):

fuser --verbose path/to/file_or_directory

• Identify processes using a TCP socket:

fuser --namespace tcp port

• Kill all processes accessing a file or directory (sends the SIGKILL signal):

fuser --kill path/to/file_or_directory

• Find which processes are accessing the filesystem containing a specific file or directory:

fuser --mount path/to/file_or_directory

• Kill all processes with a TCP connection on a specific port:

fuser --kill port/tcp